Horse-brush



No.. 562,513. Patented Aug. 1,1893.

ing out the invention.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SOPHIA GIESEOKE, oF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

SPECIUFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 502,513, dated August1, 1893. I Application filed March 6, 1893. Serial No. 464,791. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SOPHIA GIEsEoKE, of the city of St. Louis and Stateof Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHorse-Brushes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming apart hereof.

My invention consists in an improved horse brush, having tufts ofbristles arranged in three distinct rows, two of which have tufts of thesame length, arranged to form double rows, and rows of bracing orstiffening tufts having a length much shorter than that of the doublerows; said stiffening tufts having such a width as to permit each ofthem to act as a brace for two of the long tufts of the double rowsduring use, and one of said stiening tufts being located between two ofsaid long tufts of each double row thereof; the long tufts on the rightof the double rows being directed obliquely to the left, and those onthe left of the double rows being directed obliquely to the right, sothat the tufts of one of these rows wholly cross those of the other row,and extend over the shorter stiffening tufts.

The invention consists further, in certain improved fastenings for thetufts, as will be hereinafter more fully described.

In the drawings, Figurel is a perspective view of a brush embodying myinvention, looking toward one end thereof. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detailsection, taken on linear-x of Fig. 5, showing the three rows of tufts.Fig. 3 is a detail view of an improved metallic fastening-ferrule, inperspective, used in carry- Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section thereof.Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail plan of the upper side of the brush back,withparts broken away, showing the relative position of the long andshort tufts. Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail section, taken on line y--y ofFig. 5. Fig. 7 is a detail horizontal section, with parts broken away,taken just above the lower ends of the bracing-tufts, showing the upperportion of thebristles.

I desire to state that my invention is an improvement upon the horsebrush shown 5o and described in Reissued Letters Patent of the UnitedStates granted to Hermann Giesecke June 4, 1878, No. 8,272.

In the brush patented to Hermann Giesecke, on which my invention is, asbefore stated, an improvement, certain defects have been discovered byme, as the Said Hermann Giesecke (since deceased) was my husband, and Iwas for many years associated with him in the business of making andselling his said brush. In this brush the bristles or tufts, if madesufcientlylong to accomplish the work and wear required of them, werenot as stiff and inexible asthey should be. In order to overcome thedefects in the construction and use of the ordinary brushes, therefore,and especially to achieve a better brushing action, so that the operatorcan in less time and with less labor accomplish the desired result, Iconstruct my improved brush as will now be fully described.

l represents the brush-back, which is provided with the usualstrap-handle. The back is preferably constructed of three or moreseparate layers of leather, although said layers may of course be madeof wood or other suitable material, there being two main layers 2 and 3,and a nishing-layer 4.

As stated at the beginning of this specification, my brush has longcleaning and brushing tufts, and shorter stiffening tufts.

In securing the several classes of tufts to the back I drill holes orform circular seats 5 in said back, and use the usual wires 6, forsecuring the outside single row of vertical tufts 7, which arepositioned and secured in place asin the ordinary brush, or, I may usethe peculiar form of rnetallic-ferrules for this purpose, which I willpresently describe.

8 and 9 represent a double row, as shown; the tufts of bristles 8 of oneside of the double row being inclined to the left, and the tufts 9 ofthe other side of said double row being inclined to the right-that is,diagonally to each other, so that they wholly cross each other at aboutthe center of their length.

The tufts 8 and 9 are shown as wholly crossing at aboutthe middle oftheir length,

and this locates their ends or pointsin opposite directions to eachother, and this arrangement continues throughout the brush, except IOOthat the tufts in double rows, or alternate l double rows, may be madeto run in any desired direction.

In Fig. 2 (the brush being represented with the points of the bristlesdownward) the row 8 inclines to the left, while 9 inclines to the right,the two rows crossing in the center, and presenting oppositely-directedpoints. In this way I prefer to arrange every succeeding row, vizz-sothat the diagonal crossing in the middle is brought about, and thepoints of the tufts in the double rows (no matter which Way they run)point reversely.

I will now proceed to describe the location of the shortstiffening-tufts 10, in their relation to the long tufts, also theirconstruction, and manner of fastening in the back of the brush. One ofsaid stiffening-tufts l0 is located between two crossing tufts 8 and 9`of the double row. The said tufts l0 have a width much in excess oftheir thickness, and are placed in the back in oblong seats l1, so thattwo of the long tufts, which cross each other, extend over the shorterstiffeni-ng-tufts, and this arrangement continues throughout the brush.Of course, the oblong seats 1l for the stiffening tufts are sorelatively located in the back 1 as to permit of this arrangement.

The stiifening-tufts may be securedin their oblong-seats by the usualwire-fastening, although I have found that such is not as secure amanner of fastening as that which I shall now describe.

12 indicates an improved fastening-ferrule for oblong seats. It ispreferably stamped out of sheet-metal, in a single piece, but may becast with the necessary patterns. It is oblong in cross-section, so asto loosely fit the seats in the back. One of its ends is square, anddevoid of openings or projections while its opposite end is providedwith inwardlyextending slots 13 and locking-projections 14. One oftheslots 13 is formed in each edge of the ferrule 12, so that there is aslot in its opposite narrow edges, and so that there are opposite slots.These opposite slots extend from the end of the ferrule inward to apoint near to the center of the length thereof. There is alocking-projection 14 formed upon or integral with each wide edge of theferrule, on same end that the slots 13 are formed in, so that there willbe opposite locking-projections on said end. The normal position ofthese projections 14, before they are placed in the brush, is that shownin Figs, 3 and 4, wherein they are illustrated projecting in alignmentwith the sides of the ferrule. They have a free outer end, which ispreferably pointed, for the purpose hereinafter mentioned.

In fastening the short tufts 10 in the brushback, I first double asuitable number of bristles intermediate of their length (as is usual),then insert the butt end of the tuft thus formed into the squared end ofthe ferrule 12 until said butt nears the opposite end of -said ferrule,or passes beyond it. Then I insert a cross-pin 15 in the slot 13 on oneside of the ferrule, between the doubled-portions of said tuft, andlocate it in the opposite slot of the ferrule, so that said tuftwillbe'locked in the ferrule against pulling out in one direction. (SeeFigs. 2 and 4.) This operation should be performed while thelocking-projections 14 are in the position shown in Fig. 4. Then Iinsert the ferrule containing the tuft in one of the oblong-seats l1 ofthe brush-back, from the inner-side, and push it to the proper position,which is with the end of the ferrule about flush with the faces of thetwo layers 2 and 3 of said back, before the .finishing-layer is put on.Then the projections 14 are to be turned down onto and forced into theouter surface of the layer 3, as indicated in Fig. 2, in which positionthey lock the ferrule and its tuft securely in position. After thisoperation, the brush is finished by putting on the handle and thefinishing-,layer 4, in the usual manner.

I have found that the short tufts are held very securely in the mannerabove described,

also that the operations of securing the tufts in the ferrules, and theferrules in the back, may be performed very rapidly, as a large numberof these parts may be fitted up, and kept in stock, and be secured inthe backs whenever required.

The operation is as follows: When thus constructed every double row oflong bristles becomes, when used, a brusher and a polishenthat is, whileone side or part of the double row is acting to brush off dirt, &c., thenext or other side of the double row smooths over, in whatever directionthe brush may be moving. This manner of arranging the tufts ofbrush-material causes one side of the double row to penetrate the hair,as the points are in advance of the butts, while the row in reverseposition serves to polish what has been raised by the penetrating tufts.The inclined forward standing position of the tufts, in action, addsgreater resistance to the flexure thereof, and facilitates greatly thebrushing action. The stiffeningtufts have a length :much less than thatof the brushing and cleaning tufts, and hence do not act to brush undernormal conditions of operation. But, should the operator desire to causethem to act in cleaning or brushing, he can do so by exerting sufficientpressure and physical strength. Further than this, the short tufts willact to clean and brush should the longer tufts become worn, during longuse, without the exertion of extra strength or pressure. Thestilfening-tufts, by reason of their peculiar width and location, eachact as a brace for two adjacent longer tufts, during action.

W'hat I claim is- The improved horse-brush, having tufts ofbrush-material arranged in three separate rows, two of which have tuftsof the same IOO IIO

length arranged to form double rows, of inclined tufts which cross eachother rows obliquely to the right, so that the tufts of one 1o of ofthese rows wholly cross those of the other bracing tufts having a lesslength than that row, substantially as shown and described. of saiddouble rows, each of said bracing tufts being constructed wide to act asa brace for two crossing tufts of said double rows, and the long tuftson the right of the double rows being directed obliquely to the left,and those on the left of the double rows being directed In testimonywhereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

SOPHIA GIESECKE. Witnesses:

HERBERT S. ROBINSON, JNO. C. HIGDoN.

